In depression is the unmistakable feeling of being pushed or pull down, to be pulled toward a feeling of sadness and away from prior or new interests. In some cases it can be due to medical conditions such as issues with the thyroid or side effects to medications. For this reason an assessment with a medical doctor is encouraged.

However, restricting the cause and experience of depression to the medical model ignores the cultural climate we exist in and the experiences in our lives that shape who we are and how we cope with the challenges that arise. Feeling hopeless and helpless can push toward increased isolation in a maladaptive defense to prevent from feeling further pain. Interest in hobbies and relationships are pushed away and often met with feelings of guilt and shame in our struggles. Experiencing the broad spectrum of emotions is cut off and replaced with a persistent sadness, as it feels nearly impossible to connect with other expressions of emotion.  

Psychodynamic and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy can be used in collaboration to help explore your past, identify learned subconscious defenses, challenge unhelpful and hurtful messages that have been internalized, and help gradually connect to your authentic personal values.